WASHINGTON

Growing numbers of Blacks say they’re worse off than five years ago and don’t expect their lives to improve, a study released Tuesday shows. Black pessimism about racial progress in America, according to the study, is the worst it’s been in more than two decades.

The survey by the Pew Research Center, a Washington-based research organization, paints a mixed picture of race relations following Hurricane Katrina and the Jena Six case, in which six Black teens were charged with beating a White student at a high school in the town of Jena, La.

It found that just one in five Blacks, or 20 percent, said things were better off for Blacks compared with five years ago; that is the smallest percentage since 1983, when 20 percent also made that claim. In-between, the percentage of Blacks who said things had gotten better had grown, only to drop back to 20 percent.

Another 29 percent of Blacks said things had gotten worse as opposed to staying the same, the largest number since 32 percent made that claim in 1990.

In addition, fewer than half of all Blacks, or 44 percent, said they expected their prospects to brighten in the future. That’s down from 57 percent in 1986, during the height of the Reagan administration when the Justice Department actively sought to curtail affirmative action in favor of race-neutral policies.

Whites have a different view about Black progress, according to the survey. Whites were nearly twice as likely as Blacks to see Black gains in the past five years. A majority of Whites polled, or 56 percent, also said they believed prospects for Blacks would improve in the future.

“As disturbing as these findings are, in one sense it’s surprising they are not actually worse,” said Wade Henderson, president of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, a coalition of 200 groups including the NAACP and National Urban League. “Most African-Americans believe the government response to problems is one of benign neglect rather than forceful action.”