11) Spread of Laptop Computers
 The laptop computer has become popular enough on campuses that companies, such as IBM, have developed purchase programs on individual campuses that supply every student on a campus with a laptop for educational use.

12) Internet2
A consortium of the most infotech-advanced schools in the U.S. is developing a second-generation Internet to support advanced research projects and high-end applications, such as Virtual Reality.  Florida A&M is currently the only HBCU participating in the consortium.

13) The Magnetized Strip Card and the Smart Card
 Paying for student services, proving identification, and accessing other campus life activities have gotten a boost from electronic cards, which enable students to be quickly processed. The magnetized strip card, also known as credit and ATM cards have been embraced widely by colleges and universities. The Smart card, a newer innovation, looks like the standard magnetized strip card. However, Smart cards are much more closely related to personal computers. Embedded in the plastic of a smart card are electronic components capable of memory and processing. Smart cards can be programmed.

14) Distance Education
Though the concept of distance education goes back to the 19th century with correspondence schools, advanced information technology gives distance education a distinctive 21st century gloss. Today's distance education encompasses a wide variety of technologies to facilitate student-teacher interaction.

15) Y2K Preparation
Getting technology systems ready for the millennial date change has forced many schools, including minority-serving institutions, to upgrade their information technology systems. The Y2K crisis has also required schools to inventory and fix all their facilities technology, such as refrigeration, laboratory, and elevator equipment.                          

— Compiled by Ronald Roach