WASHINGTON

America’s growing diversity has reached nearly every state.  From South Carolina’s budding immigrant population to the fast-rising number of Hispanics in Arkansas, minority groups make up an increasing share of the population in every state but one, according figures released Tuesday by the U.S. Census Bureau.

“This is just an extraordinary explosion of diversity all across the United States,” says William Frey, a demographer at the Brookings Institution, a Washington, D.C. think tank. “It’s diversity and immigration going hand in hand.”

West Virginia is the exception, with its struggling economy and little history of attracting immigrants.

Frey says states that attract large numbers of immigrants can consider it a “badge of economic success.” There have, however, been backlashes.

“In some places it will be awhile before they are accepted by the locals,” he says. “All we have to do is look at this immigration debate.”

Immigration policy is a big issue in this year’s midterm congressional elections, and the new data help explain why. Immigrants, both legal and illegal, make up a growing portion of the population in 46 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, they went from 11.1 percent of the population in 2000 to 12.4 percent last year.

The 2005 figures are from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, which is replacing the “long form” on the 10-year census. Starting this year, the annual survey of about 3 million households provides yearly data on communities of 65,000 or larger. By 2010, it will provide annual multiyear averages for the smallest neighborhoods covered by the 10-year census.

The data, released Tuesday cover, race, immigration, education and age characteristics. Economic and housing data will be released in the coming weeks.

The survey, which cost $170 million in 2005, has limitations. For example, only people living in households were surveyed. That excludes the 3 percent of people who live in nursing homes, hospitals, college dormitories, military barracks, prisons and other dwellings known as group quarters.