The game, "One, Two, Three ... Red Light," played by elementary school children is an excellent metaphor for the state of Black progress in higher education.

If you recall the rules, the teacher, with his or her eyes closed, starts to count, "one, two, three...' as the children scramble toward the appointed goal. Sometimes there is a long delay -- in the case of Black academic progress, 30 years -- before the teacher shouts: "Red Light!" if anyone is still moving when the teacher opens his or her eyes, that student has got to go back to the starting line, What an appropriate metaphor for the current conservative retrenchment in educational law and policy.

In "Beyond the Ivory Tower," Derek Bok, the past president of Harvard University, said, "the vital question is not whether preferential admission is a success, but whether it has made more progress toward overcoming the legacy of discrimination than other strategies that universities might have pursued. Universities should stick by their conviction that a judicious concern for race in admitting students will eventually help lift the arbitrary burdens that have hampered Blacks in striving to achieve their goals in our society."

Conservative Backlash

Although the current conservative backlash is the result of social hostilities birthed by the rage and paranoia of white males who fear a loss of their historic station, these legal battles involving African-American access to higher education have resulted in giant steps backward on equal opportunity.

In the three decades since the enactment of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, predominantly white universities have not been particularly successful in recruiting and retaining African-American students, much less faculty. Institutions throughout the country have initiated a variety of programs and policies to promote the recruitment and retention of students of color. Unfortunately, these initiatives have not achieved their intended goals. Additionally, the disparity between the numbers of faculty of African and European descent entering the higher education workforce is widening, with the upper hand in favor of European faculty. In almost every region of the country and in most universities, Black faculty are seriously underrepresented across all ranks.